What Is the Penalty for Harassing Women in Public Places in Iran?

A Legal Guide to Street Harassment and Women’s Rights Under Iranian Law

Introduction

One of the most common forms of social misconduct that women face in Iran is harassment in public places such as streets, parks, malls, and public transport. To protect women's dignity and psychological safety, Iranian law has criminalized public harassment and established clear punishments for offenders.

Legal Definition of Harassment Against Women

According to Article 619 of the Islamic Penal Code (Ta’zirat section):

“Anyone who harasses or assaults women in public places or roads through inappropriate words or actions contrary to public decency shall be sentenced to two to six months of imprisonment and up to 74 lashes.”

This includes verbal, behavioral, or physical acts that disturb or humiliate a woman in public settings.

Common Examples of Public Harassment

Verbal abuse or sexually suggestive comments toward women

Catcalling, whistling, or making offensive jokes

Following or blocking a woman's path

Taking photos or videos without consent

Unwanted physical contact or close proximity

Sending harassing messages on public transport or online

How Can It Be Proven?

Women can present the following to prove harassment:

Eyewitnesses or companions’ testimonies

Security camera footage

Phone recordings (audio/video)

Police reports from the scene

Repeated behavior or written threats

The victim’s report alone is sufficient to initiate a case, and male witnesses are not mandatory.

How to File a Complaint

Submit a complaint via Judiciary Electronic Services Offices

Provide any supporting evidence (recordings, witnesses, text messages)

Visit the police station or prosecutor’s office if necessary

If the behavior is repeated or includes threats, the punishment may be more severe

Harassment is generally a private complaint, meaning the victim's consent is required to pursue or drop charges — unless it involves serious threats or public disturbance.

Can Men File Similar Complaints?

Yes. Although Article 619 focuses on women, any individual subjected to verbal abuse or harassment in public has the right to file a complaint based on other legal provisions such as:

Insult and defamation articles

Threats and public disorder clauses

Conclusion

Harassment of women in public spaces is a clearly defined criminal offense under Iranian law. Victims have the right to pursue justice confidently, and the legal system supports swift and serious responses to such behavior. Legal representation can help ensure a strong case, especially when supported by evidence.

Alemohammad Law Office is experienced in handling cases related to women’s rights, public morality, and harassment, offering full legal support for Iranian women — both inside Iran and abroad.

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